STOMP – Simple/Streaming Text Oriented Messaging Protocol
What is Stomp?
STOMP provides an interoperable wire format so that STOMP clients can communicate with any supported message broker to provide easy and widespread messaging interoperability among many languages, platforms and brokers.
It is the only one of these three protocols to be text-based, making it more analogous to HTTP in terms of how it looks under the covers. Like AMQP, STOMP provides a message (or frame) header with properties, and a frame body. The design principles here were to create something simple, and widely-interoperable. For example, it’s possible to connect to a STOMP broker using something as simple as a telnet client.
It does not, however, deal in queues and topics—it uses a SEND semantic with a “destination” string. The broker must map onto something that it understands internally such as a topic, queue, or exchange. Consumers then SUBSCRIBE to those destinations. Since those destinations are not mandated in the specification, different brokers may support different flavours of destination. So, it’s not always straightforward to port code between brokers.
However, It is simple and lightweight (although somewhat verbose on the wire), with a wide range of language bindings. It also provides some transactional semantics. One of the most interesting examples is with RabbitMQ Web Stomp which allows you to expose messaging in a browser through websockets. This opens up some interesting possibilities—like updating a browser, mobile app, or machine in real-time with all types of information.
Simple Design
It is a very simple and easy to implement protocol, coming from the HTTP school of design; the server side may be hard to implement well, but it is very easy to write a client to get yourself connected. For example you can use Telnet to login to any STOMP broker and interact with it!
Many developers have told us that they have managed to write a STOMPclient in a couple of hours to in their particular language, runtime or platform into the STOMPnetwork. So if your favored language/runtime of choice does not offer a good enough Simple/Streaming Text Oriented Messaging Protocol client don’t be afraid to write one.
The protocol is broadly similar to HTTP, and works over TCP using the following commands:
- CONNECT
- SEND
- SUBSCRIBE
- UNSUBSCRIBE
- BEGIN
- COMMIT
- ABORT
- ACK
- NACK
- DISCONNECT
Communication between client and server is through a “frame” consisting of a number of lines. The first line contains the command, followed by headers in the form <key>: <value> (one per line), followed by a blank line and then the body content, ending in a null character. Communication between server and client is through a MESSAGE, RECEIPT or ERROR frame with a similar format of headers and body content.
Implementations
These are some MOM products that support STOMPProtocol:
- STOMPservers
- STOMPclients
Servers
Here are the known STOMPcompliant message servers:
| Name | Description | Compliance |
|---|---|---|
| Apache ActiveMQ | the most popular and powerful open source messaging and Integration Patterns server | 1.0 1.1 |
| Apache ActiveMQ Artemis | Apache ActiveMQ Artemis has a proven non blocking architecture. It delivers outstanding performance. | 1.0 1.1 1.2 |
| Apache Apollo | a redesigned version of ActiveMQ | 1.0 1.1 1.2 |
| CoilMQ | a lightweight pure Python STOMPbroker inspired by StompServer | 1.0 |
| Gozirra | a lightweight Java STOMPbroker | 1.0 |
| HornetQ | puts the buzz in messaging | 1.0 |
| MorbidQ | a STOMPbased publish/subscribe server with absolutely no potential to cluster | 1.0 |
| RabbitMQ | an Erlang-based, multi-protocol broker with full support forSTOMP via a plugin | 1.0 1.1 1.2 |
| Sprinkle | written in Python and runs on Unix type platforms | 1.0 |
| Stampy | a Java implementation of the STOMP1.2 specification | 1.2 |
| StompConnect | provides a bridge to any other JMS provider | 1.0 |
| StompServer | a lightweight pure Ruby STOMPserver | 1.0 |
Clients
Here are the known STOMPcompliant client libraries:
| Name | Language | Description | Compliance |
|---|---|---|---|
| activemessaging | Ruby | an attempt to bring the simplicity and elegance of Rails development to the world of messaging | 1.0 |
| AnyEvent::STOMP | Perl | a lightweight event-driven STOMPclient | 1.0 |
| Apache CMS | C++ | is a JMS-like API for C++ | 1.0 |
| Apache NMS | C# and .Net | a JMS-like API for .Net | 1.0 |
| as3-stomp | Flash | an actionscript 3 implementation of the STOMPprotocol | 1.0 |
| delphistompclient | Delphi and FreePascal | a STOMPclient for Embarcadero Delphi and FreePascal | 1.0 |
| dstomp | Dynamic C | a STOMPclient library written in Dynamic C for Rabbit | 1.0 |
| Gozirra | Java | a lightweight implementation of the STOMPspecification | 1.0 |
| hxStomp | Haxe | a TCP socket-based STOMPprotocol client library written for the Haxe language | 1.0 |
| libstomp | C | an APR based C library | 1.0 |
| Net::Stomp | Perl | a Streaming Text Orientated Messaging Protocol client | 1.0 |
| Net::STOMP::Client | Perl | STOMPobject oriented client module | 1.0 1.1 1.2 |
| objc-stomp | Objective-C | a simple STOMP client based on AsynSocket | 1.0 |
| POE::Component::Client::Stomp | Perl | a Perl extension for the POE Environment | 1.0 |
| onstomp | Ruby | client library for message passing with brokers that support the STOMPprotocol | 1.0 1.1 |
| Public.Protocols.Stomp | Pike | Public.Protocols.Stomp | 1.0 |
| pyactivemq | Python | module for communicating with the ActiveMQ message broker | 1.0 |
| React/STOMP | PHP | STOMPbindings for React | 1.1 |
| simplisticstompclient | PHP | a simpler STOMPclient for PHP | 1.0 |
| Stampy | Java | a Java implementation of the STOMP1.2 specification | 1.2 |
| stomp | PHP | STOMPclient extension | 1.0 |
| stomp | Ruby | client for the STOMPmessaging protocol | 1.0 1.1 |
| stomper | Python | a client implementation of the STOMPprotocol | 1.0 |
| stomp.erl | Erlang | a STOMPclient for Erlang | 1.0 |
| stompest | Python | a full-featured STOMPimplementation for Python including both synchronous and asynchronous clients | 1.0 1.1 1.2 |
| StompKit | Objective-C | modern event-driven Objective-C library forSTOMP | 1.2 |
| stompy | Python | implementation of the STOMPprotocol in Python | 1.0 |
| stompngo | Go | a STOMP1.1+ Client Package | 1.0 1.1 1.2 |
| stomp-php | PHP | the FuseSource PHP client implementation | 1.0 |
| stomp.py | Python | a Python client library which can also be run as a standalone, command-line client for testing. | 1.0 1.1 1.2 |
| stomp.js | JavaScript | is a JavaScript library for Web browsers usingSTOMP Over HTML Web Sockets | 1.0 1.1 |
| tStomp | TCL | a STOMPImplementation for TCL | 1.1 |
| Zend_Queue | PHP | for Zend PHP clients | 1.0 |
Where Get It
The latest version of the specification can be found at:
- STOMP1.2 Released on 10/22/2012
The older version of the specification can also be accessed at:
Learn more at stomp.github.com.
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